After singing a duet with Alfredo, Violetta suddenly revives, exclaiming that the pain and discomfort have left her.

He is about to leave in a huff when, taking pity on him, Violetta gives him one of her camellias and asks him to bring it back when it has faded. A lively and informative new podcast for kids that the whole family will enjoy! Alfredo interprets her request differently and demands her to admit she loves Baron.

"[7] But at the same time, the composer expressed concern about censorship in Venice, something with which he was very familiar after his dealings with the censors concerning Rigoletto. Banda: Verdi did not fully orchestrate the parts of the on-stage band, but rather composed it in the style of a piano reduction, leaving the actual realization to the person in charge of the band. Violetta has fallen in love with Alfredo and she has completely abandoned her former life.

Giorgio tells her that she must break up with Alfredo. It isn't long before Violetta walks in with Baron.

Over the years many versions were created, varying from theater to theater depending on the instruments available, but none of them is authoritative. She tells him that Violetta sent her to sell all of Violetta's belongings as a means to support their country life. Flora tells the annoyed Baron that it would have been better for him to have kept silent. Violetta, longing to see Alfredo, asks him to stay behind to speak with her. They see Alfredo at the gambling table. First, he had agreed with the librettist Salvadore Cammarano on a subject for what would become Il trovatore, but work on this opera could not proceed while the composer was writing Rigoletto, which premiered in Venice in March 1851. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In Violetta's country house outside of Paris, she and Alfredo sing of their love for one another. Flora and the ladies attempt to persuade Violetta to leave the dining room, but Violetta turns to Alfredo: Alfredo, Alfredo, di questo core non puoi comprendere tutto l'amore... – "Alfredo, Alfredo, you can't understand all the love in this heart...". [21], Today, the opera has become immensely popular and is a staple of the standard operatic repertoire.[4]. 2 doubling piccolo), 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 4 horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, cimbasso, timpani, cymbals, bass drum, triangle, strings. Alfredo's father enters with the doctor, regretting what he has done. Of the primary cast members, only the soprano who played Violetta (Fanny Salvini-Donatelli) was adequate as a singer. [25] The concluding part of Violetta's solo scene that ends the first act is full of vocal decoration and feverish ornamentation as she swears to stay free ("Sempre libera"). Giorgio tries to stop Alfredo, but he rushes out. Singing the famous aria, Sempre Libera, she decides that she loves freedom more than love, while Alfredo is heard outside singing about romance.

The guests rebuke him and start to kick him out of the party. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Alfredo sings of their happy life together (Alfredo: De' miei bollenti spiriti / Il giovanile ardore – "The youthful ardor of my ebullient spirits"). Her friends try to help her, but she insists that she will be fine and sends them all into the ballroom. She tells him that she is, but he replies that she must take better care of herself; he says that if she were his, he would always watch over her. Verdi was adamant that the opera be set in the present day (that is, the 1850s), with modern costumes.

The opera was originally titled Violetta, after the main character.

Despite her initial rejection, Alfredo continues to declare his love for her. [25], The lengthy and crucial duet between the elder Germont and Violetta in act 2 is multi-sectioned with the music following the changing dramatic situation. – "Who erased the sea, the land of Provence from your heart?"). (The first performance set in the period Verdi specified took place in 1906, after Verdi’s death and well after the setting could be called contemporary.). After the famous "Brindisi", an offstage band plays a series of waltzes (waltz rhythms pervade the first act of the opera, creating a Parisian atmosphere). Violetta’s friend, the Viscount Gastone, introduces young Alfredo Germont to her. La traviata, opera in three acts by Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi (libretto in Italian by Francesco Maria Piave) that premiered in Venice at La Fenice opera house on March 6, 1853. Half a year has passed, and Violetta's condition has worsened. La traviata takes place in and around Paris, about 1850. The heroine is a fallen woman who earns redemption through sacrifice—a notion that was somewhat risqué at the time—although not forbidden by censors. As a result of this, Verdi biographer Mary Jane Phillips-Matz reports, the composer immediately began to compose music for what would later become La traviata. She serves on the music faculty of Metropolitan State University of Denver and gives pre-performance talks for Opera Colorado and the Colorado Symphony... Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription.

Practically speaking, the demands on orchestra and singers do not overburden the resources of even modest opera companies. A subject for our own age. As they bet, Alfredo wins some large sums until Flora announces that supper is ready. – "A man, who even in anger, offends a woman renders himself deserving of contempt."). A widespread version is: 1 piccolo, 4 clarinets, 2 horns, flugelhorn, 3 trumpets, at least 2 trombones, low brasses (number unspecified), bass drum. His father shows up and denounces his son's behavior. That afternoon, their maid, Annina, returns to the house. Francesco Maria Piave was engaged to write the new libretto and the two men tried to come up with a suitable subject, but the composer complained that his librettist "had not yet offered him an 'original' or 'provocative' idea".

After reading it, he sees Flora's party invitation. [17] George Templeton Strong noted in his diary: "People say the plot's immoral, but I don't see that it's so much worse than many others, not to speak of Don Giovanni, which as put on the stage is little but rampant lechery",[18] while the Evening Post critic wrote: "Those who have quietly sat through the glaring improprieties of Don Giovanni will hardly blush or frown at anything in La traviata. As Budden notes, it came to be Venice "that made an honest woman of Violetta"[13] when Verdi allowed a performance at the Teatro San Benedetto.

But she concludes that she needs freedom to live her life (Violetta, Alfredo: Sempre libera – "Always free"). As she writes, Alfredo arrives home. Baron angrily challenges Alfredo to a game of cards but loses a small fortune to him.

Giuseppe Verdi. After the guests leave, Violetta wonders if Alfredo could actually be the one in her life (Violetta: È strano!

[24], The prelude to the opera begins with very soft, very high strings depicting the frail heroine, followed by the main love theme of the opera, which is then played on lower strings while the higher instruments decorate the melody. He humiliates and denounces Violetta in front of the guests and then throws his winnings at her feet in payment for her services. La traviata’s subject and setting were novel for opera in the middle of the 19th century.The scale is intimate and bourgeois, not heroic or noble.

He is asked to give a speech, but when he refuses, the crowd turns to Alfredo. He decides to confront Violetta at the party. It was first performed in England on 24 May 1856 in Italian at Her Majesty's Theatre in London,[15] where it was considered morally questionable, and "the heads of the Church did their best to put an injunction upon performance; the Queen refrained from visiting the theatre during the performances, though the music, words and all, were not unheard at the palace". "[19], The opera was first performed in France on 6 December 1856 in Italian by the Théâtre-Italien at the Salle Ventadour in Paris,[15] and on 27 October 1864 in French as Violetta (an adaptation by Édouard Duprez, older brother of the tenor Gilbert Duprez) at the Théâtre Lyrique on the Place du Châtelet with Christina Nilsson in the title role. Feeling annoyed, the Baron goes to the gambling table and joins him in a game. For her, love is an illusion, and she must simply live free and for pleasure alone (“Sempre libera”)—even though Alfredo’s declaration of love still rings in her ears. Sung In. edited by Colin Bradbury for clarinet and piano (London: Chester Music, 1980): https://www.worldcat.org/title/fantasia-sull-opera-la-traviata-di-g-verdi-for-clarinet-piano-op-45/oclc/495943141, https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/279609, International Music Score Library Project, 10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.O005794, Orchestra Sinfonica di Milano Giuseppe Verdi, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=La_traviata&oldid=983018683, Articles with dead external links from September 2020, Articles with International Music Score Library Project links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using multiple image with manual scaled images, Wikipedia articles incorporating the Cite Grove template, Wikipedia articles incorporating the Cite Grove template with a doi parameter, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz work identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, There is a film version of the opera from 1967, with. Fearing that Baron will become angry and challenge Alfredo to a duel, she asks him to leave the party.

La traviata means “the fallen woman” or “the one who goes astray” and refers to the main character, Violetta Valéry, a courtesan. Alfredo is thrilled, but Violetta still cannot believe that he really loves her. [20] The French adaptation of the libretto was published in 1865. She begins to have a change of heart and tells him that she will meet him the next day. Alfredo is shocked to learn this and leaves for Paris immediately to settle matters himself. De Van, Gilles (trans.

Like Violetta in the opera, Duplessis had conquered Parisian society with her wit, charm, and beauty, but her reign was a brief one—she died of tuberculosis in 1847 at age 23.

"[9] Although still bogged down at Sant'Agata, Piave was sanguine: "Everything will turn out fine, and we'll have a new masterpiece from this true wizard of modern harmonies". When Violetta enters the room looking for Alfredo, she comes across a party invitation from her friend, Flora. La Fenice had been clamouring for a new work; although the theatre would supply funding and performers, Verdi was afraid its singers would not do the opera justice. "[12], Coincidentally, as Philips-Matz points out, an Italian translation of the play La Dame aux camélias was being presented just a short distance from La Fenice. A moment later, she dies in Alfredo's arms. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections?

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