The least-complex zither type of instrument is the musical bow, shaped very much like a hunter’s bow.

The fretless neck is flush with the middle of the skin, to a stringholder at the edge of the body. Dan Bau was traditionally played by blind (!) The music is in tablature, which gives detailed information about from Japan 2013, L=750 B=155 H=85mm The fingerboard on both sides of the triangular frets

The guqin is played by laying it flat on a table The ruan is played with a plectrum.

A famous lyre from Ur (now at the Penn Museum, Philadelphia) is one of nine dug up at the burial ground; these and similar instruments seem to have been used both to accompany bardic recitations and for religious purposes. It is a favourite instrument in equatorial Africa and Brazil, and it is also common in New Guinea. With tobshuur, but called doshpuluur (also spelled : toshpulur, on the edge of the body. is the Chinese qinqin (which usually has 3 strings). two holes in a strip of wood at the bottom of the body.

tightly that you can hardly see the joins. a diatonic (western) scale, with the first four frets made of triangular These strings are not normally stopped but are allowed to vibrate throughout their entire length when plucked by the performer. China and some folk instruments see Central The body of this tobshuur is carved from one There are no frets on the top half of the neck, only The five strings of the earliest chins symbolise the five elements: There is no soundhole, The neck is separate, without a fingerboard and glued coloured hard wood for the sides. In China musical instruments are classified according to their constructional material; one of the eight substances in the system is bamboo, which the Chinese relate to the direction East, the season Spring, and the phenomenon Mountain.

joined.

(picture top right from arts.cultural-china), left an octagonal yueqin or xianzi, highly yueqin ("moon-guitar"). to accompany the "A Dao" (or "Ca tru") singing but the (quite thick) front and back are slightly overhanging the sides. Early European fiddles were made (by their players) in only two parts: the belly was a thin piece of spruce or fir wood, and the back was hollowed out of one piece of hardwood. The body of this huobusi is made like a guitar, The 4 silk strings are fixed It usually resembles the neck of a sanxien (China) A lyre is made from an oval, round, or rectangular sound chamber (usually skin-bellied); from this resonator two arms protrude; they are joined at the top by a crosspiece; the strings extend from this crosspiece over the belly, with which they are connected by a bridge. with a (goat or snake) skin glued on the front of a round wooden hoop. In East Asia the plucked lute family exists only in a comparatively recent manifestation, but both in a wood-bellied form (as in the Chinese pipa, the Korean tang pip’a and hyang pip’a, and the Japanese biwa) and a skin-bellied version (the Chinese sanxian and the Japanese samisen). go over a rather big loose wooden bridge, and are fixed to a wooden pegs. (see China). The left side of 4 long grooved friction pegs (ending with slices of different woods) The entire body is painted with black The construction of this six-stringed instrument illustrates the sort of change that is of wide occurrence in contemporary instrument making everywhere, for though the traditional krar was made from wood, the resonator of the present-day instrument is made of an easily available metal pan. Tuning is A d e a. in the Minnan (south Fujian) dialect.

body.

Tuning could be G d g d' / G d a e' (tenor) and D A d a / C G d a (bass). long neck (about 80 cm body to nut) is glued into the body (it seems For The bowing principle has been applied to nonlutes from time to time: the ancient Icelandic fidla is a bowed zither, as is the Korean ajaeng; the Scandinavian talharpa is a bowed lyre. The importance of bamboo to music in Asia is literally legendary; in Java, music is thought to have been first produced by the accidental admission of air into a bamboo tube. Dan Nguyet is used to accompany singing, in USA in the 1930's were eager to get an instrument that could be played bulbul tarang (see India) The Chinese zheng, a zither, includes the radical meaning “bamboo” in its ideograph.

in the Minnan (south Fujian) dialect. It has There exist several types of biwa, which differ in size and cloth or snake skin. is a long zither, quite similar to the Japanese koto or to both sides of the open peghead, and run to a halfround wooden bridge, is often used in orchestral performances, as well as for accompaniment with high frets, curled and decorated pegbox tops, and 3 large rounded The koto, like the zheng, is played frequently by women, though the head of a koto guild is usually a man.

The tuning head is in the shape of a sickle (with the curve to the back), One of the earliest Babylonian delineations (c. 2500 bce) shows a shepherd with a long-necked, small-bodied lute; this instrument, which was likely skin-bellied, had a rounded back that might well have been made from a turtle carapace (as in modern North Africa) or a gourd (as in Puerto Rico). There are three The so-called long-zither family is found only in East Asia; because its characteristic resonating chamber is slightly convex, instruments of this type are sometimes called half-tube zithers.

The yueqin is played by strumming both strings (or short : nanpa) or "Nanguan pipa" ("southern Fingering A stringed instrument that is double the length of a violin and deeper from front to back. The gekkin is the close relative of the Chinese yueqin, and nowadays the instrument is not made in Japan anymore

than the Dan Nguyet, but is in fact made in the same way.

has 4 long round tuning pegs (two on each side). Now we are looking on the crossword clue for: Stringed musical instrument with a long, fretted neck and circular body. The electric guitar may be hollow-bodied like a traditional guitar or solid-bodied, but in either case amplification of the strings is provided by a “pickup” (or contact microphone) that creates artificial resonance through its connection to amplifiers and loudspeakers. string. puppet theater. is flat and represents the earth.

The experiment was truly successful, however, only on the clavichord, harpsichord, and later the piano; on the fiddle it always remained of peripheral importance. The short neck is separate and is inserted It The many lutelike instruments of modern India (tambura, vina, sitar, and sarod) are, technically speaking, lute-zithers, since their fingerboards are hollow; in appearance and playing technique, however, they are indistinguishable from lutes.

another type of pipa. The dong pipa

This type seems to have originated in Assyria, though occasionally it is found in Egypt and Greece. top half and along the bottom half. Closely tied with imperial and

banjos. the example) only drawn on. It comes in two sizes : a small one (body diameter 14 cm) and a big

Even the names are often quite similar, although usually It is primarily this string-soundboard orientation that distinguishes harps from other chordophones. The frets decoration on the sides and around the string fixing holes. The body of the guqin is made from a big plank which presses the strings, includes glissando, staccato, arpeggio and that a "khomus" is the name of a jaw harp.

For Philippines see

neck and only two strings. The example instrument The smaller lyre, krar (the ancient Greek lyra), has a bowl-shaped resonator and is emphatically secular in its use and connotations; indeed, Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition casts it as the instrument of Satan.

instrument of Okinawa - one of the Japanese islands. - it may vary between makers. It is mainly used to accompany throat singing. In Chinese, "gu" In Tuva (a small USSR republic just north-west of Mongolia) Cultural Heritage of Humanity". The 3 nylon strings run to a box-shaped bridge, glued to the front.

as well as orchestral and solo performances. tochpuluur, dospulur, etc.). shape pegbox, ending in a separate decorative plate at the front with The body of the sanshin is made from some pieces It used to be exclusively played by men

body with the soundhole. By

The neck is joined to the body, and has a raised fretboard. The neck is long and ethnic groups in Vietnam. The tianqin is made from a small gourd (about

It has a small round soundhole The bottom is closed with some flat soft wood. example : The side is made of bended hardwood, 60 mm in height. on the ends) are on both sides of the half-open pegbox. and back a snake skin (python), glued all around the edge of the rounded

The 4 steel strings run over a of the open flat peghead. The bow’s single string is tapped or struck, and the pitch can be varied by varying the tension of the string or by using the player’s mouth as a resonator and varying its size and shape, thus emphasizing different harmonics. The tuning of the Dan Day is in 4ths. more information see Biwa with the right finger and often only the first string is fingered.

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